GENOCIDE  WATCH

Burundi remains under the consolidated rule of President Évariste Ndayishimiye and the CNDD–FDD, which secured 96.5% of parliamentary seats in the June 2025 elections amid allegations of fraud and intimidation. Political opposition, independent media, and civic space remain severely restricted, while opposition members, activists, journalists, and civilians face arbitrary detention, enforced disappearances, torture, and killings, with the Imbonerakure youth militia implicated in abuses. These developments occur against a longstanding history of Hutu–Tutsi conflict and political violence, compounded by weakening implementation of the 2000 Arusha Agreement and continued impunity for past abuses.