Brazil Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Indigenous peoples Black Brazilians LGBTQ+ community Non-state Armed Groups Brazilian Police Brazilian State Watch Stage 3: Discrimination, Stage 7: Preparation, Stage 8: Persecution Details Brazilian police continue to disproportionately target black and brown Brazilians. Although President Lula’s government has reestablished national councils, the LGBTQIA+ community continues facing prejudice, leaving Brazil as the world’s deadliest country for transgender individuals. Additionally, legislative pushback through the Marco Temporal (Law 14.701/2023) and government delays in land regularization have enabled armed groups and agribusiness interests to expand resource extraction and agriculture, leading to administrative freezes on 857 Indigenous lands, illegal territorial seizures, as well as rising fatal attacks against Indigenous peoples and land defenders. Read Report Page last updated: 08/04/2026 Resources Brazil Recognises 10 New Indigenous Lands at COP30 82% of the deaths from police operations are black people COP30 had the largest Indigenous participation in COP history

Mali Country Overview CIA World Factbook Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Non-Fulani civilians (Dogon, Tuareg) Fulani civilians Malian security forces JNIM JNIM-affiliated Katiba Macina ISGS Self-defense ethnic militias (e.g. Dan Nan Ambassagou) Emergency Stage 9: Extermination Details Mali plunged into crisis in 2012, when Tuareg rebels launched an insurgency in the north of the country. The resulting instability enabled the growth of Islamic groups which rapidly expanded into Central Mali. Since 2015, the Al-Qaeda-affiliated Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM), the JNIM-affiliated and majoritarly Fulani Katiba Macina, and the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS) are the main Jihadist groups active in the country. From 2019, violence against civilians along ethnic and inter-communal lines has escalated in Central Mali. Malian security forces, self-defence ethnic militias, and Islamic militant groups all participate in the spiraling of genocidal violence. Read Report Page last updated: 09/11/2021 Resources Will perpetrators of war crimes in Mali be held accountable? | Inside Story - Al Jazeera The Sahel: What Needs to Change - People's Coalition for the Sahel Reversing Central Mali’s Descent into Communal Violence - International Crisis Group

75fe18c4-dc23-4c82-b17d-27a688afb0f1 Colombia CIA World Factbook Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Indigenous and rural communities Human rights activists Non-state armed groups Warning Stage 5: Organization, Stage 8: Persecution Details Armed groups are carrying out massacres and targeted killings of civilians, indigenous communities, and human rights leaders. The Colombian government is seriously lacking in protecting these communities. Read Report Resources Videos Show the Violent, and Deadly, Ways Colombian Police Quell Protests Left Undefended: Killings of Rights Defenders in Colombia’s Remote Communities Informe de Masacres en Colombia Durante el 2020 y 2021 (Report of Massacres in Colombia during 2020 and 2021) Page last updated: 05/06/2026

578bf76f-571e-4f91-adf4-2d5ef25a8287 Pakistan CIA World Factbook Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Religious Minorities (Shia, Ahmadiyya, Christians, Buddhists, Hindus) Political Opposition Women LGBTQIA+ Journalists Activists Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Party State Police Extremist Groups (Pakistani Taliban/TTP, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi/LeJ) Watch Stage 3: Discrimination, Stage 5: Organization, Stage 6: Polarization, Stage 9: Persecution Details Pakistan faces a deepening human rights crisis rooted in its colonial legacy, marked by military dominance, fragile democratic institutions, and widespread violence against vulnerable groups. Women are subjected to gender-based violence, including honor killings, forced marriage, and rape, while religious minorities face persecution under blasphemy laws. Journalists, activists, and academics are silenced through censorship, arrests, and violence, as militant attacks and regional instability, particularly tensions with India and Afghanistan, further erode the protection of fundamental rights. Read Report Resources Pakistan’s Most Persecuted Minority Suffers Further Discrimination | VOA News 'Every year we dig mass graves': the slaughter of Pakistan’s Hazara Pakistan’s Shia genocide Page last updated: 05/08/2026

Japan Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Asia-Pacific Nationals Kurdish Minority Foreigners Japanese Government Japanese Officials Japanese Lobby Groups Watch Stage 3: Discrimination, Stage 10: Denial Details Japan has long practiced historical revisionism regarding their Empire-era atrocities. From the late 1800s to 1945, the Japanese Empire committed numerous war crimes against multiple peoples across the Asia-Pacific region. Some still deny the atrocities committed by the Japanese Empire. Nationalistic views have grown more prominent despite low favorability and a strong tradition of pacifism . Additionally, Japan appears to be dismantling its postwar pacifist framework. In April 2026, Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi lifted Japan’s longstanding ban on lethal arms exports. Takaichi has also pushed for a revision of Article 9 of the Constitution, in which the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation. Read Report Page last updated: 2026.08.10 Resources Nationalism on the rise: Anti-foreign rhetoric gains ground in Japan Article 9 in focus as Takaichi pushes for revision of Constitution Japan ‘cannot avoid’ nuclear weapons debate, defense chief Koizumi says

Trinidad and Tobago Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Watch Details Read Report Page last updated: 07/22/2026 Resources

Caribbean Islands Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Warning Details Read Report Page last updated: 07/22/2026 Resources