Board of Directors (Click on Image for Bio) Mr. Scott Fisher U.S. Air Force (ret.) U.S. State Department Africa Bureau (ret.) Arlington, VA (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Gregory H. Stanton Founding President Genocide Watch Research Professor in Genocide Studies and Prevention (ret.), George Mason University Washington D.C., USA (Click on Image for Bio) Mr. Charles A. Pillsbury Founding Executive Director, Community Mediation, Inc. Founding Executive Director, Mediators Beyond Borders International New Haven, CT Board of Advisors (Click on Image for Bio) Lt. Gen. Roméo Dallaire UNAMIR Commander Rwanda, Founder, Dallaire Initiative Québec, Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Frank Chalk Professor of History, Concordia University Director, Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies Montreal, Québec,Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Frank R. Wolf Former U.S. Congressman and Representative for Virginia's 10th Congressional District (Click on Image for Bio) Alice Wairimu Nderitu Former Special Advisor to the U.N. Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, Global President, Isōko Centre for Humanity, Rwanda (Click on Image for Bio) Adama Dieng African Union Special Envoy on Genocide Prevention; Former Special Advisor to the U.N. Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John Packer Director, Human Rights Centre, Professor of International Conflict Resolution, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Gregory Gordon Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Law, Director, LLM Program, Prosecutor in the ICTR Media Trial, Author of Atrocity Speech Law: Foundation, Fragmentation, Fruition (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Samantha Power Harvard University, Former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Administrator, USAID (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric Reeves Professor, Smith College, Northampton , MA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Alex Hinton Director, Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights, Distinguished Professor of Anthropology, UNESCO Chair in Genocide Prevention Rutgers University Newark, New Jersey (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. James Waller Gladstein Family Human Rights Institute, Dodd Chair in Human Rights Practice, Professor of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Paul Slovic Professor of Social Psychology, University of Oregon Eugene, OR (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Ewelina Ochab Co-Founder, Coalition for Genocide Response, Columnist for Forbes on genocide and persecution of religious minorities London, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Peter Balakian Professor of the Humanities and English, Colgate University Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, Raphael Lemkin Prize, PEN/Albrand Prize Hamilton, NY, USA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Robert Melson Professor of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (Click on Image for Bio) Ms. Linda Melvern Author, A People Betrayed; Journalist London, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Zachary D. Kaufman Associate Professor of Law University of Houston (Click on Image for Bio) Major General William Nash Council on Foreign Relations, Former Commander, NATO Forces in Bosnia (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Ben Kiernan A.Whitney Griswold Professor Emeritus of History, Yale University; founding director of Yale's Cambodian Genocide Program and Genocide Studies, editor of The Cambridge World History of Genocide" New Haven, CT (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John H. Weiss Assoc. Professor of History, Emeritus Cornell University , Ithaca, NY (Click on Image for Bio) Youk Chhang Founding Executive Director, Documentation Center for Cambodia 2018 Ramon Magsaysay Awardee Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Samuel Totten Emeritus Distinguished Professor University of Arkansas Author and Editor Numerous books on Genocide and Genocide Prevention (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John Roth Professor of Religion, Claremont McKenna Colleges Claremont, CA (Click on Image for Bio) Nicola Wetherall MBE Holocaust and Genocide Educator, Royal Wootton Bassett Academy, Wiltshire, and UCL Centre for Holocaust Education, England, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Susan Cook Executive Director, Harvard Center for African Studies Cambridge, MA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Michael Bayzler Professor of Law, Chapman University School of Law Orange, CA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Hannibal Travis Professor of Law, Florida International University College of Law, Miami, FL (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Nora E. Rowley, M.D., M.P.H. Myanmar Human Rights Advocate for the Rohingya, Myanmar (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Tony Stewart Professor Emeritus, North Idaho College, Coeur d'Alene, ID (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Brian D. Lepard Professor of Law, University of Nebraska Lincoln, NE (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Maung Zarni Myanmar Human Rights Advocate, Co-Founder Free Rohingya Coalition, FORSEA London, England, UK FORMER ADVISORS (Click on Image for Bio) Amb. Robert Krueger (deceased) Former U.S. Congressman and Senator from Texas, Former U.S. Ambassador to Burundi (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric D. Weitz (deceased) Dean of Humanities and Arts, City College of New York, New York, NY (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Yehuda Bauer (deceased) Professor Emeritus of History and Holocaust Studies, Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Rudy Rummel (charter advisor, deceased) Professor Emeritus of Political Science, University of Hawaii West O'Ahu, HI (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric Markusen (charter advisor, deceased) Danish Institute for International Studies, Department for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Copenhagen Denmark (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Colin Tatz (deceased) Director of the Australian Institute for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the Shalom Institute,University of South Wales Australia (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Stephen Feinstein (deceased) Director, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Benjamin Ferenc z (deceased) Professor Emeritus of International Law, Pace University Law School, White Plains, NY Nuremberg Prosecutor (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Israel Charny (deceased) Founding Director, Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide, Jerusalem, Israel Board of Directors (Click on Image for Bio) Mr. Scott Fisher U.S. Air Force (ret.) U.S. State Department Africa Bureau (ret.) Arlington, VA (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Gregory H. Stanton Founding President Genocide Watch Research Professor in Genocide Studies and Prevention (ret.), George Mason University Washington D.C., USA (Click on Image for Bio) Mr. Charles A. Pillsbury Founding Executive Director, Community Mediation, Inc. Founding Executive Director, Mediators Beyond Borders International New Haven, CT Board of Advisors (Click on Image for Bio) Lt. Gen. Roméo Dallaire UNAMIR Commander Rwanda, Founder, Dallaire Initiative Québec, Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Frank Chalk Professor of History, Concordia University Director, Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies Montreal, Québec,Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Frank R. Wolf Former U.S. Congressman and Representative for Virginia's 10th Congressional District (Click on Image for Bio) Alice Wairimu Nderitu Former Special Advisor to the U.N. Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, Global President, Isōko Centre for Humanity, Rwanda (Click on Image for Bio) Adama Dieng African Union Special Envoy on Genocide Prevention; Former Special Advisor to the U.N. Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John Packer Director, Human Rights Centre, Professor of International Conflict Resolution, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Canada (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Gregory Gordon Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Law, Director, LLM Program, Prosecutor in the ICTR Media Trial, Author of Atrocity Speech Law: Foundation, Fragmentation, Fruition (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Samantha Power Harvard University, Former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Administrator, USAID (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric Reeves Professor, Smith College, Northampton , MA (Click on Image for Bio) Hon. Irwin Cotler Chair, Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights, Former Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada Montreal, Québec (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. James Waller Cohen Endowed Chair of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Keene State University, Keene, NH (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Paul Slovic Professor of Social Psychology, University of Oregon Eugene, OR (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Ewelina Ochab Co-Founder, Coalition for Genocide Response, Columnist for Forbes on genocide and persecution of religious minorities London, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Peter Balakian Professor of the Humanities and English, Colgate University Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, Raphael Lemkin Prize, PEN/Albrand Prize Hamilton, NY, USA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Robert Melson Professor of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (Click on Image for Bio) Ms. Linda Melvern Author, A People Betrayed; Journalist London, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Zachary D. Kaufman Associate Professor of Law University of Houston (Click on Image for Bio) Major General William Nash Council on Foreign Relations, Former Commander, NATO Forces in Bosnia (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Ben Kiernan A.Whitney Griswold Professor Emeritus of History, Yale University; founding director of Yale's Cambodian Genocide Program and Genocide Studies, editor of The Cambridge World History of Genocide" New Haven, CT (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John H. Weiss Assoc. Professor of History, Emeritus Cornell University , Ithaca, NY (Click on Image for Bio) Youk Chhang Founding Executive Director, Documentation Center for Cambodia 2018 Ramon Magsaysay Awardee Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Samuel Totten Emeritus Distinguished Professor University of Arkansas Author and Editor Numerous books on Genocide and Genocide Prevention (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Elihu Richter Associate Professor, Center for Injury Prevention, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. John Roth Professor of Religion, Claremont McKenna Colleges Claremont, CA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Alex Hinton Director, Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights, Distinguished Professor of Anthropology, UNESCO Chair in Genocide Prevention Rutgers University Newark, New Jersey (Click on Image for Bio) Nicola Wetherall MBE Holocaust and Genocide Educator, Royal Wootton Bassett Academy, Wiltshire, and UCL Centre for Holocaust Education, England, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Susan Cook Executive Director, Harvard Center for African Studies Cambridge, MA (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Hannibal Travis Professor of Law, Florida International University College of Law, Miami, FL (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Maung Zarni Myanmar Human Rights Advocate, Co-Founder Free Rohingya Coalition, FORSEA London, England, UK (Click on Image for Bio) Dr. Nora E. Rowley, M.D., M.P.H. Myanmar Human Rights Advocate for the Rohingya, Myanmar (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Tony Stewart Professor Emeritus, North Idaho College, Coeur d'Alene, ID (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Brian D. Lepard Professor of Law, University of Nebraska Lincoln, NE (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Michael Bayzler Professor of Law, Chapman University School of Law Orange, CA FORMER ADVISORS (Click on Image for Bio) Amb. Robert Krueger (deceased) Former U.S. Congressman and Senator from Texas, Former U.S. Ambassador to Burundi (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric D. Weitz (deceased) Dean of Humanities and Arts, City College of New York, New York, NY (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Yehuda Bauer (deceased) Professor Emeritus of History and Holocaust Studies, Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Rudy Rummel (charter advisor, deceased) Professor Emeritus of Political Science, University of Hawaii West O'Ahu, HI (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Eric Markusen (charter advisor, deceased) Danish Institute for International Studies, Department for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Copenhagen Denmark (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Colin Tatz (deceased) Director of the Australian Institute for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the Shalom Institute,University of South Wales Australia (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Stephen Feinstein (deceased) Director, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Benjamin Ferenc z (deceased) Professor Emeritus of International Law, Pace University Law School, White Plains, NY Nuremberg Prosecutor (Click on Image for Bio) Prof. Israel Charny (deceased) Founding Director, Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide, Jerusalem, Israel

Rape as an Act of Genocide *For older content until April 2016, please refer to our archival websites Country report: Russia August 2026 By Alexander Smith A firefighter works at a site in a residential area damaged during a Russian missile strike amid Russia’s attack on Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine. September 21, 2023. Image: Reuters/Valentyn Ogirenko. Russia has a long history of documented persecution of ethnic minorities and societal dissidents. Imperial Russia organized anti-Jewish pogroms. According to the Holodomor Research and Education Consortium, the Soviet Union committed a genocide against Ukrainians dur Silence Surrounds Rapes of Kosovo’s Ethnic Minorities By: Serbeze Haxhiaj Illustration: Igor Vujcic/BIRN. Stigma still cloaks the issue of wartime sexual violence in Kosovo, but even more so for survivors from the Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian minorities. The Roma woman was 19 years old when she and her cousin were raped by three Serbian policemen on February 25, 1999, at the height of the Kosovo war. They had been waiting for a bus from the southern city of Prizren to their home in Decan/Decani, when a police patrol approached, as Dr. Stanton On India, Hindutva, Kashmir, and Manipur Dr. Gregory Stanton, Founding President of Genocide Watch, was interviewed on July 17, 2026 by Mr. Saqib Tanveer, Editor in Chief for Pakistan TV Digital, about Genocide Watch's warnings concerning the increasing risks of genocide in India against Muslims, Christians, and other minority groups by followers of Prime Minister Modi's exclusionary Hindutva nationalist regime. To view interview, click here or on the image above. SUDAN: ALL TALK. NO ACTION. Handwringing and Empty Words Joint Statement of G7 Foreign Ministers on El-Obeid (Sudan) 07/16/2026 03:24 PM EDT Office of the Spokesperson Joint Statement of G7 Foreign Ministers on El-Obeid (Sudan) © UNOCHA/Giles Clarke A woman who fled fighting in El Fasher, holds her daughter who was treated for malnutrition. "Obeid, Sudan must not become the next crime scene, warn UN investigators." July 16, 2026 The text of the following statement was released by the Governments of the United States of America, GENOCIDE WARNING: ETHNIC CONFLICT IN MANIPUR, INDIA This Genocide Warning was first posted in October, 2023. It has proven predictive of violence since then. Genocide Watch Oct 25, 2023 People look at portraits of victims who lost their lives during ethnic clashes, at a memorial in Churachandpur district in Manipur. | AFP GENOCIDE WARNING: ETHNIC CONFLICT IN MANIPUR, INDIA October 2023 Manipur, one of India’s northeastern states, has witnessed violent ethnic conflict between the majority Meitei community and the minority triba Deadly Ethnic Violence Spreads in India’s Manipur State Deadly Ethnic Violence Spreads in India’s Manipur State New York Times May 26, 2026 By Hari Kumar Three years after riots tore apart Manipur, the state remains in disarray. Barbed wire and armed checkpoints made it difficult for Times reporters to cross, even before the recent clashes. Security personnel at a buffer-zone checkpoint between Imphal and Churachandpur in Manipur, India, in March. .Credit:..All Photographs by Atul Loke A fresh outbreak of ethnic conflict is rocki Egypt prosecutes a Doctor for reporting obstetric Violence By Amr Magdi and Skye Wheeler 6 July, 2026 Suspended Prison Sentence for Doctor Whose Post Stirred Flood of Accounts A doctor examines a pregnant woman at a hospital in the province of Fayoum, southwest of Cairo, Egypt, February 19, 2019. © 2019 Hayam Adel/Reuters An Egyptian court sentenced doctor and filmmaker Omnia Suwydan on July 4 to a six-months suspended prison sentence and a fine of 20,000 Egyptian pounds (US$408) for alleging obstetric violence at an Alexandria publi Let’s Name the Country That’s Financing Mass Murder Credit...Dan Kitwood/Getty Images Let’s Name the Country That’s Financing Mass Murder The New York Times July 11, 2026 By Nicholas Kristof Opinion Columnist Last year, human rights experts warned for many months that a brutal militia was about to overrun a major Sudanese city, El Fasher, and massacre inhabitants. President Trump and other world leaders mostly shrugged. The militia went ahead and overran El Fasher, slaughtering some 60,000 people in a few weeks. Now the same m Sexual Violence and Bodily Autonomy in Palestine By Grace Harris and Franzie Schatzl Israeli soldiers standing guard in an alleyway in Hebron, West Bank. Photograph: Mohammad Nazal/Middle East Images/AFP/Getty Images Sexual and gender-based violence is pervasive in conflict today. Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) includes crimes such as rape, sexual slavery, forced pregnancy, forced abortion, sterilization, forced marriage, and other acts of a similar nature perpetrated against people in a conflict-related setting. UK Foreign Office claims only a court can find "genocide." Sudan Is The Genocide Which Dares Not Speak Its Name – with warnings ignored by the British Foreign Office – “The world’s greatest humanitarian catastrophe” – but where are the protests against the perpetrators. My Call for Blue Helmets; an Arms Embargo Across Sudan; The Imposition of A No Fly Zone; And For War Lords To Face Justice. Jun 26, 2026 [Genocide Watch comments are highlighted in green.} Genocide Watch Report Genocidal RSF reach 500,000 people in El Obeid, Sudan Reb Weaponizing the Womb: Reproductive Genocide in Tigray By Larisa W Chikanya Genocide Watch A poster shows the faces of victims of a massacre that took place in Bora during the Tigray war [Gelila Getahun/ Al Jazeera] What led to atrocities? Tigray is the most northern of Ethiopia's 11 regional states, lying along the southern border of Eritrea with Sudan to the west. Armed conflict between federal forces and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), erupted in November 2020, and rapidly escalated into a large-scale military c Genocidal RSF reach 500,000 people in El Obeid, Sudan Men push a cart at the Adre border post between Sudan and Chad. AFP Sudan's RSF closes in on Al Obeid as UN warned of imminent atrocities Battle over city in North Kordofan region follows string of setbacks for Sudanese army in Darfur The National News June 21, 2026 By Hamza Hendawi Cairo: Sudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces is closing in on army-held Al Obeid, in the heavily contested North Kordofan region, with dozens of countries warning an attack on the city could US Senators propose PEACE in Sudan Act of 2026 The Goz al-Haj camp, north of Khartoum, Sudan. Photograph: The Guardian United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee June 10, 2026 Senators Shaheen, Risch, Coons, Cornyn Introduce Legislation to Address Conflict in Sudan WASHINGTON – Today, U.S. Senators Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) and Jim Risch (R-ID), Ranking Member and Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Chris Coons (D-DE) and John Cornyn (R-TX) introduced the Preventing External Aggression and Conflict E #EndTheSilence: Standing for Leah Sharibu in Nigeria Graphic credit: The Roys Report #EndTheSilence: Standing for Leah Sharibu and Nigeria’s Missing Christian Women and Girls June 4, 2026 Eight years ago, a 14-year-old Nigerian girl disappeared into captivity because she refused to renounce her Christian faith. Today, Leah Sharibu remains missing—and the world must not forget her. On June 18, Christian Freedom International, Jubilee Campaign, and 21Wilberforce will join with advocates, faith leaders, members of the RSF Rapes and Ransoms Sudanese Women Women say they were raped and ransomed by RSF fighters in Sudan’s ongoing war Associated Press June 2, 2026 Sudanese women survivors of RSF mass rapes. Source: Manara Magazine By SAM MEDNICK KHARTOUM, Sudan (AP) — Naked, hungry, raped and lying in her own urine, the woman said her captors after two days of misery handed her a phone. Call your friends and family, they said. Tell them to buy your freedom or you’ll be killed. The 38-year-old said she screamed on the calls as ho The UAE must be held responsible for the Sudan crisis The UAE must be held responsible for its part in Sudan’s crisis Letter to the Editor The Guardian 17 May 2026 Dr Lutz Oette and Anna Snowdon respond to an article by Nesrine Malik in which she calls out the primary sponsors of the calamity Nesrine Malik’s article is timely, highlighting how evidence of the United Arab Emirates’ complicity in Sudan’s war has begun to prompt calls for action to be taken (The UAE tries hard to keep its reputation spotless. But with the war in Su 1 2 3 4 5

The International Association of Genocide Scholars The International Association of Genocide Scholars is a global, interdisciplinary, non-partisan organization that seeks to further research and teaching about the nature, causes, and consequences of genocide, and advance policy studies on prevention of genocide. The Association, founded in 1994, meets to consider comparative research, important new work, case studies, the links between genocide and other human rights violations, and prevention and punishment of genocide. A central aim of the Association is to draw academics, activists, artists, genocide survivors, journalists, jurists, public policy makers, and other colleagues into the interdisciplinary study of genocide, with the goal of prevention. Membership is open to interested persons worldwide. Visit the IAGS Website or see its social media site on Facebook Visit the Genocide Studies and Prevention Journal History of IAGS Summary The International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) was founded in 1994. Initially, the organization was called the Association of Genocide Scholars. The Association’s first conference was held in 1995 at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. In recognition of the rapid growth and global interest in genocide studies, the organization was renamed the International Association of Genocide Scholars in 2001. In 2006, the IAGS launched its official journal, Genocide Studies and Prevention. IAGS has hosted conferences all over the world, including its most recent conference in Brisbane, Australia (2017) and the upcoming conference in Phnom Penh, Cambodia (2019). Early History The origins of the IAGS go back to the early 1980s. At this time, a small group of scholars and teachers were using a comparative framework to study genocide. Leo Kuper published his seminal book Genocide in 1980 and Helen Fein published Accounting for Genocide in 1979. Israel Charny organized the first conference on the comparative analysis of genocide in Jerusalem in 1982. The Institute for the Study of Genocide was founded in New York in 1982 by Helen Fein. Prof. Gregory Stanton founded The Cambodian Genocide Project in 1982 to bring Khmer Rouge leaders to justice. It became part of Genocide Watch in 1999. These early genocide scholars, a number of whom began with study of the Holocaust, were attacked by other scholars who insisted on the “uniqueness” of the Holocaust. The pioneers in genocide studies also confronted institutional pressures. For example, it was a challenge to get platforms in traditional conferences such as the American Historical Association, the International Studies Association, the American Sociological Association, etc. Traditional academic disciplines did not find room for the interdisciplinary nature of genocide studies, so universities seldom had faculty positions for genocide scholars. However, what had been a marginalized area of study became one of urgent interest and scholarship as a response to the genocides in Rwanda and the Balkans in 1994 and 1995. The Association of Genocide Scholars The idea for an organization of genocide scholars grew out of a meeting between Israel Charny, Helen Fein, Robert Melson and Roger Smith at the Remembering for the Future Two conference, held at Humboldt University in Berlin in 1994. With over 500 persons in attendance and numerous panels and presentations, there was only one three-hour session on the comparative study of genocide. Hence, there was discussion of the need to create an organization that focused on the study and prevention of genocide. The Association of Genocide Scholars (AGS) was established in 1994. During this initial period, the AGS shared a website and affiliation with the Institute for the Study of Genocide. The organization’s first conference was held in 1995 at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, with about 45 persons attending. Helen Fein served as the association’s first President. Subsequent biennial conferences were held at Concordia University (Montreal) in 1997, the University of Wisconsin, Madison in 1999, and the University of Minnesota in 2001. With the rapid growth and global interest in genocide studies, a number of scholars pushed for a more international perspective and argued that conferences should held outside North America. The organization revised its by-laws in 2001 and was renamed the International Association of Genocide Scholars. The revised bylaws provided that at least one officer be from outside North America, and that biennial conferences regularly be held outside North America. The International Association of Genocide Scholars The IAGS conference at the University of Galway, Ireland in 2003 was the first held outside North America. There were over 200 participants, with a significant increase in participation by European scholars. The increase also reflected growing scholarship in comparative genocide studies. In 2005, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, hosted the IAGS conference. In 2006, the IAGS, in partnership with the Zoryan Institute of Toronto, Canada began publication of Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal. It became an on-line publication, free to all, in 2012. In 2007, Gregory Stanton, founding President of Genocide Watch, became President of the International Association of Genocide Scholars. The IAGS was incorporated and accorded non-profit status. It launched the organization’s website: www.genocidescholars.org. Its bylaws and financial practices were legalized. The 2007 IAGS biennial conference was held in Sarajevo, Bosnia. It was the first IAGS conference to be held in a country that had recently experienced genocide, with major participation from genocide survivors in their own language. Over 500 people attended the conference, including many participants from Bosnia, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. The 2009 IAGS conference was held at George Mason University, Virginia, USA. In 2011, the IAGS held its first conference in South America, hosted by the Universidad Nacional de Tres Febrero, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The 2013 conference was held in Siena, Italy, hosted by the University of Siena and the Kingston University, Siena, Italy. In 2014 the IAGS held a conference at the University of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It was the first conference to focus on the genocide of Native Americans. It included sessions with these First Peoples on their own land. The 2015 IAGS Biennial Meeting held in Yerevan, Armenia focused on the Armenian Genocide. The 2017 conference in Brisbane, Australia focused on the genocide of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. The 2019 IAGS conference was held in Cambodia. It focused on the Cambodian Genocide and other Asian genocides and included significant participation from Cambodians. It was the first IAGS conference held in Asia. The 2021 IAGS conference focused on genocide and its prevention in the digital age. The 2021 conference was held virtually due to the Covid pandemic. It was hosted by the University of Barcelona, Spain. The 2023 conference was hosted in Barcelona, Spain by the University of Barcelona. The 2025 IAGS conference was held in Johannesburg, South Africa hosted by the Johannesburg Holocaust & Genocide Centre. It was the first IAGS conferenced held in Africa. Genocide Watch is an institutional member of the International Association of Genocide Scholars. Visit the Wikipedia entry on the Holocaust co-authored by Genocide Watch and the International Association of Genocide Scholars here.

d4c60d9d-e677-4aee-8fc7-f25fc2889b33 Azerbaijan CIA World Factbook Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Armenians Azerbaijani Government & Armed Forces Turkic Ultranationalists Warning Stage 8: Persecution, Stage 9: Extermination, Stage 10: Denial Details In September 2020, Azerbaijan had invaded the sovereign territory of Artsakh. After a long and costly war, Azerbaijan has occupied half of Artsakh's territory and displaced thousands of ethnic Armenians. Azerbaijan has begun to attack destroy Armenian culture in heritage Artsakh and often uses hate speech to demonize and degrade ethnic Armenians. Read Report Resources Eyewitness Accounts: Anna Astvatsaturian Turcotte Discusses the Baku Pogroms Azerbaijan's 'Ethnic Hatred' Theme Park Draws Ire, Imperils Reconciliation - RadioFreeEurope Why Scholars, Cultural Institutions Are Calling to Protect Armenian Heritage - Smithsonian Magazine Page last updated: 6/23/2021

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Sudan alert status : Genocide Emergency Genocide stage: 9- Extermination Affected groups: darfurese nuba abyei Current situation: Arab militias and the Sudan Army are attacking the groups listed above Download Developments Water as a Weapon in Gaza Genocide Watch Ten Stages of Genocide World Map 2026 Closure in families as Residential Girls are reburied Raid on cattle camp kills at least 49 in South Sudan USCIRF on Religious Freedom Violations In India US removes Syria from list of state sponsors of terrorism Tribe alleges US agents 'trespassed' on indigenous land Pansak cites billion-dollar toll from Thai-Cambodia conflict Nigeria search for kidnapped mosque worshippers Why Nigeria Needs More Than a Bigger Army

1182b82d-1434-4a74-bb3d-947b762949ff Brazil Country Overview Targeted Groups Perpetrators Alert Status Genocide Stage(s) Indigenous peoples Black Brazilians LGBTQ+ community Non-state Armed Groups Brazilian Police Brazilian State Watch Stage 3: Discrimination, Stage 7: Preparation, Stage 8: Persecution Details Brazilian police continue to disproportionately target black and brown Brazilians. Although President Lula’s government has reestablished national councils, the LGBTQIA+ community continues facing prejudice, leaving Brazil as the world’s deadliest country for transgender individuals. Additionally, legislative pushback through the Marco Temporal (Law 14.701/2023) and government delays in land regularization have enabled armed groups and agribusiness interests to expand resource extraction and agriculture, leading to administrative freezes on 857 Indigenous lands, illegal territorial seizures, as well as rising fatal attacks against Indigenous peoples and land defenders. Read Report Resources Brazil Recognises 10 New Indigenous Lands at COP30 82% of the deaths from police operations are black people COP30 had the largest Indigenous participation in COP history Page last updated: 08/04/2026

libya alert status : Genocide Emergency Genocide stage: 7- Preparation Affected groups: Libyan Civilians Migrants and Refugees Current situation: All sides of the conflict have committed war crimes hate speech is prevalent in print, radio, and social media Country Report: Libya, 2021

What is Genocide? By Dr. Gregory H. Stanton President, Genocide Watch The crime of genocide is defined in international law in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide. The Genocide Convention was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 9 December 1948. The Convention entered into force on 12 January 1951. By 2020, 152 nations have ratified the Genocide Convention and over 80 nations have provisions for the punishment of genocide in domestic criminal law. The text of Article II of the Genocide Convention was included as a crime in Article 6 of the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. “Article II: In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group. Article III: The following acts shall be punishable: (a) Genocide; (b) Conspiracy to commit genocide; (c) Direct and public incitement to commit genocide; (d) Attempt to commit genocide; (e) Complicity in genocide.” The crime of genocide has three elements: 1 . acts of genocide, committed with 2. intent to destroy, in whole or in part, 3. a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group The following are genocidal acts when committed as part of a policy to destroy a group, in whole or in part: a. Killing members of the group includes direct killing and actions causing death. b. Causing serious bodily or mental harm includes inflicting trauma on members of the group through widespread torture, rape, sexual violence, forced or coerced use of drugs, and mutilation. c. Deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to destroy a group includes the deliberate deprivation of resources needed for the group’s physical survival, such as clean water, food, clothing, shelter or medical services. Deprivation of the means to sustain life can be imposed through confiscation of harvests, blockade of foodstuffs, bombing of hospitals, bombing of civilian housing, detention in camps, forcible relocation or expulsion into deserts. d. Prevention of births includes involuntary sterilization, forced abortion, prohibition of marriage, and long-term separation of men and women intended to prevent procreation. e. Forcible transfer of children may be imposed by direct force, removal of children to schools where their language or culture is prohibited, or through fear of violence, duress, detention, human trafficking, psychological oppression or other methods of coercion. The Convention on the Rights of the Child defines children as persons under the age of 14 years. Genocidal acts need not kill or cause the death of members of a group. Genocide does not require killing. Causing serious bodily or mental harm, inflicting unlivable conditions, prevention of births, and transfer of children are acts of genocide when committed as part of a policy to destroy a group’s existence. It is a crime to plan or incite genocide, even before destruction starts, and to aid or abet genocide. The crime includes conspiracy, direct and public incitement, attempts to commit genocide, and complicity in genocide, through provision of arms to perpetrators, and blocking of aid to victims. Civil or international war is often accompanied by genocide. War, including defensive war or counter-insurgency against terrorism, is not an excuse for genocide. Euphemisms such as "ethnic cleansing" or "atrocities" are terms often used for genocide denial. Neither is outlawed by treaty in international law. "Ethnic cleansing" is a term introduced by Slobodan Milosevic during the Bosnian and Kosovo genocides. It is also a euphemism for "deportation or forcible transfer of population," which is a crime against humanity under Article 7 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court. "Atrocities" is an umbrella term to cover genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, without specifying which crimes have been committed. It was intended to avoid legal debates and to motivate preventive action, but it has failed to do so. Instead it has become a term used by politicians, diplomats and human rights organizations to avoid legal precision. Element 1: Acts of GEnocide Element 1 “Intentional” means purposeful. Intent can be proven directly from statements or orders. But more often, it must be inferred from a pattern of coordinated acts. Intent is inferred from the consequences of those acts. Intent is different from motive. Whatever the motive for the crime (land expropriation, national security, territorial defense), if the perpetrators commit acts intended to destroy a group, even part of a group, it is genocide. The phrase “in whole or in part” is important. Perpetrators need not intend to destroy the entire group. Destruction of only part of a group (such as its educated members, or members living in one region) is also genocide. A common error of genocide deniers is denial that genocide has occurred because only part of a group, rather than the whole group, is targeted for destruction. Some national laws require intent to destroy a substantial number of a group’s members. But in international law and the International Criminal Court, an individual may be guilty of genocide even if he commits an act of genocide against only one person, so long as he knew he was participating in a larger plan to destroy a protected group. Element 2: Intent to Destroy (Dolus Specialis ) Element 2 The law protects four groups – national, ethnical, racial or religious groups. A national group means a set of individuals whose identity is defined by a common country of nationality or national origin. An ethnic group is a set of individuals whose identity is defined by common cultural traditions, language or heritage. A racial group means a set of individuals whose identity is defined by physical characteristics. A religious group is a set of individuals whose identity is defined by common religious creeds, beliefs, doctrines, practices, or rituals. Element 3: Protected Group Element 3 Raphael Lemkin's Definition of Genocide Raphael Lemkin in his masterpiece “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe” (1943) invented the term “genocide,”by combining “genos” (race, people) and “cide” (to kill). Lemkin defined genocide as follows: “Generally speaking, genocide does not necessarily mean the immediate destruction of a nation, except when accomplished by mass killings of all members of a nation. It is intended rather to signify a coordinated plan of different actions aiming at the destruction of essential foundations of the life of national groups, with the aim of annihilating the groups themselves. The objectives of such a plan would be the disintegration of the political and social institutions, of culture, language, national feelings, religion, and the economic existence of national groups, and the destruction of the personal security, liberty, health, dignity, and even the lives of the individuals belonging to such groups.” When Lemkin proposed a treaty against genocide to the United Nations in 1945, he defined it as follows: “The crime of genocide should be recognized therein as a conspiracy to exterminate national, religious or racial groups. The overt acts of such a conspiracy may consist of attacks against life, liberty or property of members of such groups merely because of their affiliation with such groups. The formulation of the crime may be as follows: “Whoever, while participating in a conspiracy to destroy a national, racial or religious group, undertakes an attack against life, liberty or property of members of such groups is guilty of the crime of genocide.” Raphael Lemkin would have included protection for political, economic, social, and cultural groups in the Genocide Convention. But nations that in the past or present had committed crimes against humanity in their territories or their colonial empires, including the Soviet Union, the USA, the United Kingdom, France, Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, the Philippines, the Dominican Republic, Iran, Egypt, Belgium, and Uruguay voted to exclude those groups from the Genocide Convention. Copyright 2020 Genocide Watch, Inc. Genocide Watch proposed Optional Protocol to the Genocide Convention Read it in English or French along with a Fact Sheet/Explication about the proposed Protocol. Optional Protocol to the Genocide Convention (English ) (French ) Questions about the Optional Protocol to the Genocide Convention (English ) (French ) Resources The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Genocide Convention) UN Factsheets on the Genocide Convention: ( English )( French )( Spanish ) Map of State Parties to the Genocide Convention

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